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Glossary of Medical Terms
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Indicator
A variable that helps to measure changes directly or indirectly and
permits one to assess the extent to which objectives and targets of a
program are being attained. In medicine, indicators help to measure
changes in the health situation of a population.
Information Management
A method used to organize information to avoid information overload and to
keep information in a format that is efficient to retrieve whenever
needed. Filing systems, cognitive maps, manuals, and electronic databases
are examples of devices that can prove useful in information management. A
network of consultants is an additional way to ensure that necessary
information will be readily available.
Institute for International Medical Education (IIME)
A non-profit medical Institute established in 1999 by a grant from the
China Medical Board of New York, which began its own operations in 1914 as
a division of The Rockefeller Foundation. The IIME has been entrusted with
the development of 'Global Minimum Essential (Core) Requirements' which
include knowledge, clinical skills, professional ethical values and
fundamental competencies to the practice of health care worldwide. These
essential requirements represent only a portion of the educational
experience, since each country and even each medical school has unique
needs that the educational curriculum should address. Three committees
composed of medical experts from around the globe supervise the work of
IIME: the Core Committee, the Steering Committee and the Advisory
Committee. The Institute is located just outside of New York City in
suburban White Plains, New York.
Integrated Teaching
A method of teaching that interrelates or unifies subjects frequently
taught in separate academic courses or departments. In integrated
teaching, subjects are presented together as a meaningful whole.
Integration may be vertical or horizontal. Horizontal integration
functions between parallel disciplines such as anatomy, histology,
biochemistry or medicine, surgery and pharmacology. Vertical
integration functions between disciplines traditionally taught in
different phases of curriculum; it can occur throughout the curriculum
with medical and basic sciences beginning together in the early years.
Internship
A first postgraduate training year in which graduates practice medicine
under supervision. In some countries this is a requirement for licensure.
In many countries and for many specialties such as internal medicine,
pediatrics and surgery, this is the first year of residency. However, as
there are some specialties that are too narrow to provide a broad medical
practice experience, those residents may have to attend a transitional
year in one of the above specialties or a rotating internship.