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Glossary of Medical Terms
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Learner-Centered Education
A method of teaching in which the students' needs have priority. Learners
are responsible for identifying knowledge gaps, actively participating in
filling them, and keeping track of their learning gains. Teachers are
expected to facilitate this process instead of supplying "spoon-fed"
information. This approach increases the students' motivation to learn and
prepares them for self-learning and continuous education. Learner-centered
education is the opposite of teacher-centered education .
Lecture
An instruction or verbal discourse by a speaker before a large group of
students. This teaching method has historically been quite prominent in
education because it is an economic way to communicate information to
large groups. However, increasing knowledge about the group's difficulties
in maintaining concentration and absorbing extensive information while in
a passive listening mode has brought the value of lectures under
criticism. Audiovisual presentations, demonstration of patients and
intermittent discussions can help activate learners.
Liaison Committee on
Medical Education - LCME
A group organized under the sponsorship of the
American Medical
Association (AMA) and
American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC) to accredit
educational programs leading to the MD degree in the US and Canada.
Licensure
The process by which different governmental or non-governmental agencies,
such as specialty boards or other bodies, grant permission to practice a
profession to persons meeting predetermined qualifications to engage in a
given occupation or use a particular title. In the case of physicians,
licensure ensures that they have appropriate education and training and
that they abide by recognized standards of professional conduct while
serving their patients. This is typically done at a national or local
level. In the United States licensure is a process by which physicians
receive permission to practice medicine. Candidates for licensure first
must complete the rigorous
United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), designed to
assess a physician's ability to apply knowledge, concepts, and principles
that are important in health and disease and that constitute the basis of
safe and effective patient care. All applicants must submit proof of
medical education and training and provide details about their work
history. Results of the USMLE are reported to state medical boards for use
in granting the initial license to practice medicine. Each medical
licensing authority requires, as part of its licensing processes,
successful completion of an examination or other certification
demonstrating qualification for licensure.
Life-Long Learning
Continuous training over the course of a professional career. Because
medical science changes so rapidly, it is vital that its practitioners are
committed to and engage in life-long learning.
Lifestyle
A general manner of living based on the interplay between living
conditions in the broad sense and individual patterns of behavior as
determined by socio-cultural factors and personal characteristics. The
range of behavior patterns open to individuals may be limited or extended
by social environmental factors. For this reason, lifestyles are usually
considered in the context of both collective and individual experiences
and general conditions of life. A change of lifestyle may include such
activities as stopping cigarette smoking, changing the pattern of
nutrition or engaging in regular physical exercise.